Waec Syllabus for Government 2022 is now available, candidates preparing for Waec 2021 are advised to download the latest Waec Syllabus 2022 in other to get prepared ahead of the forthcoming Waec Examination.
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1. MEANING AND SCOPE OF THE SUBJECT MATTER – GOVERNMENT
(i) Government as an institution of the state.
(ii) Government as a process or art of governing.
(iii) Government as an academic field of study.
2. BASIC CONCEPTS AND PRINCIPLES OF GOVERNMENT
(i) Basic Concepts – Power, Authority, Legitimacy, Sovereignty, Democracy, Political Culture, Political Socialization, Communalism, Socialism, Communism, Capitalism, Feudalism, Fascism, Nazism, Totalitarianism, Society, State and Nation, Colonialism and Nationalism.
(ii) Basic Principles – Rule of Law, Fundamental Human Rights, Separation of Powers/Checks and balances, Constitutionalism, Political Participation, Representative Government, Centralization and Decentralization – (Delegated Legislation, Devolution, and Deconcentration).
3. CONSTITUTIONS
(i) Definition and sources.
(ii) Scope.
(iii) Types – Written and Unwritten; rigid and flexible.
(iv) Functions.
4. TYPES/FORMS OF GOVERNMENT
Unitary, Federal, Confederal, Presidential or non-parliamentary, Parliamentary or Cabinet, Monarchical and Republican.
5. ORGANS OF GOVERNMENT
The Executive, the Legislature, and the Judiciary. (Types/structure, composition/membership; functions; power and limitations).
6. CITIZENSHIP
Status, Rights, Duties and Obligations of individuals in the state.
7. POLITICAL PARTIES AND PARTY SYSTEMS
(i) Political Parties – definition, organization, types and functions.
(ii) Party Systems – definition, types and characteristics.
8. THE ELECTORAL PROCESS
(i) Meaning, Types and Suffrage.
(ii) Purposes of Elections.
(iii) Organization of Elections – Features of free and fair elections; stages of elections.
(iv) Types and characteristics of Electoral systems.
(v) Electoral Commission – Roles or duties of electoral commissions. Problems,
Organization and Characteristics.
9. PRESSURE GROUPS AND PUBLIC OPINION
(i) Pressure Groups – definition, types, characteristics, mode of operation and functions.
(ii) Public Opinion – definition, formation, measurement and functions.
10. PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
(i) Definition of Public Administration.
(ii) Civil Service – Meaning, Structure, Characteristics and Functions.
(iii) The Public/Civil Service Commission – Composition and Functions.
(iv) Public Corporations – definition, purposes, functions, organization, control and problems.
(v) Local Governments – Meaning, Types, Purposes, Functions, Sources of Revenue, Control,
Problems and Reforms.
SECTION B: POLITICAL AND CONSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENTS IN WEST AFRICA
AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS.
1. PRE-COLONIAL POLITICAL SYSTEMS OF CANDIDATES’
RESPECTIVE COUNTRIES.
The Structural Organization of the following:
(a) Nigeria – Hausa/Fulani, the Yoruba, and the Igbo.
(b) Ghana – The Akan, the Ewe and the Mole Dagbani.
(c) Sierra Leone – The Mende and Temne.
(d) The Gambia – The Wolof and Mandingo.
(e) Liberia – The Vai and the Kru.
2. COLONIAL ADMINISTRATION
(i) Reasons for Colonialism.
(ii) The policy and structure of the British Colonial Administration – Crown Colony, Protectorate, and Indirect Rule.
(iii) The policy of French Colonial Administration – Assimilation and Association.
(iv) Chieftaincy during the colonial period – status and functions.
3. NATIONALISM IN WEST AFRICA
(i) Nationalism before the Second World War (Proto-nationalism) – Meaning, features, and factors.
(ii) Nationalism after the Second World War – factors, growth, and effects.
4. CONSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENTS OF CANDIDATES’
RESPECTIVE COUNTRIES
(i) Pre-independence Constitutions – (Background, main features, merits, and demerits)
(a) Nigeria – Clifford 1922,
Richards 1946,
Macpherson 1951,
Lyttleton 1954.
(b) Ghana – Clifford 1916,
Guggisberg 1925,
Burns 1946,
Arden Clarke 1951,
Nkrumah 1954.
(c) Sierra Leone – Slater 1924,
Stevenson 1947,
Beresford Stooke 1951,
The 1956 and 1958 Constitutions.
(d) The Gambia – 1947, 1951, 1954, 1960, 1962 and 1963
Constitutions.
Post-independence Constitutions – (Background, main features, merits, and demerits)
(a) Nigeria – Independence Constitution 1960,
Republican Constitution 1963,
The 1979 and 1989 Constitutions.
(b) Ghana – Independence Constitution 1957,
Republican Constitution 1960,
2nd Republican Constitution 1969,
The 1979 and 1992 Constitutions.
(c) Sierra Leone – Independence Constitution 1961,
Republican Constitution 1971,
The 1978 and 1991 Constitutions.
(d) The Gambia – Independence Constitution 1965,
Republican Constitution of 1970.
(e) Liberia – Independence/Republican Constitution 1985.
5. DEVELOPMENT OF MAJOR POLITICAL PARTIES IN THE
CANDIDATES’ RESPECTIVE COUNTRIES
Nigeria;
Ghana;
Sierra Leone;
The Gambia;
Liberia.
Formation, objectives, achievements, and failures.
6. MILITARY RULE IN THE CANDIDATES’ RESPECTIVE COUNTRIES
Nigeria;
Ghana;
Sierra Leone;
The Gambia;
Liberia.
7. FEDERAL/UNITARY SYSTEMS OF GOVERNMENT IN
WEST AFRICA
Factors, Structures, Features, and Problems.
8. FOREIGN POLICIES OF THE CANDIDATES’ RESPECTIVE
COUNTRIES
Nigeria;
Ghana;
Sierra Leone;
The Gambia;
Liberia.
Definitions, Factors, Advantages, and Disadvantages.
9. INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
The United Nations Organization (UNO);
The Organization of African Unity (OAU);
The Commonwealth;
The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS).
Summary of Government Waec Syllabus 2021
For all Waec Candidates, The West African Senior School Certificate Examination has officially released the Waec Syllabus for Government 2021, kindy Download the Waec Syllabus for Government.
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2 Comments
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